Preposition

English Prepositions List

There are about 150 prepositions in English. Yet this is a very small number when you think of the thousands of other words (nouns, verbs etc). Prepositions are important words. We use individual prepositions more frequently than other individual words. In fact, the prepositions of, to and in are among the ten most frequent words in English. Here is a short list of 70 of the more common one-word prepositions. Many of these prepositions have more than one meaning. Please refer to a dictionary for precise meaning and usage.

For a full list of 150 prepositions, try this downloadable ebook, English Prepositions List by English Club founder Josef Essberger: includes one-word and complex prepositions 370 example sentences 200 quiz questions with answers immediate download to your computer read on your computer or print out on paper works on Windows or Mac Buy online at eslDepot.com

• aboard
• about
• above
• across
• after
• against
• along
• amid
• among
• anti
• around
• as
• at

• before
• behind
• below
• beneath
• beside
• besides
• between
• beyond
• but
• by

• concerning
• considering

• despite
• down
• during

• except
• excepting
• excluding

• following
• for
• from

• in
• inside
• into

• like

• minus

• near

• of
• off
• on
• onto
• opposite
• outside
• over

• past
• per
• plus

• regarding
• round

• save
• since

• than
• through
• to
• toward
• towards

• under
• underneath
• unlike
• until
• up
• upon

• versus
• via

• with
• within
• without

Prepositions of Place: at, in, on

In general, we use:

• at for a POINT
• in for an ENCLOSED SPACE
• on for a SURFACE

at	in	on
POINT	ENCLOSED SPACE	SURFACE
at the corner	in the garden	on the wall
at the bus stop	in London	on the ceiling
at the door	in France	on the door
at the top of the page	in a box	on the cover
at the end of the road	in my pocket	on the floor
at the entrance	in my wallet	on the carpet
at the crossroads	in a building	on the menu
at the front desk	in a car	on a page

Look at these examples:

• Jane is waiting for you at the bus stop.
• The shop is at the end of the street.
• My plane stopped at Dubai and Hanoi and arrived in Bangkok two hours late.
• When will you arrive at the office?
• Do you work in an office?
• I have a meeting in New York.
• Do you live in Japan?
• Jupiter is in the Solar System.
• The author's name is on the cover of the book.
• There are no prices on this menu.
• You are standing on my foot.
• There was a "no smoking" sign on the wall.
• I live on the 7th floor at 21 Oxford Street in London.

Notice the use of the prepositions of place at, in and on in these standard expressions:

at	in	on
at home	in a car	on a bus
at work	in a taxi	on a train
at school	in a helicopter	on a plane
at university	in a boat	on a ship
at college	in a lift (elevator)	on a bicycle, on a motorbike
at the top	in the newspaper	on a horse, on an elephant
at the bottom	in the sky	on the radio, on television
at the side	in a row	on the left, on the right
at reception	in Oxford Street	on the way

Prepositions of Time: at, in, on

We use:

• at for a PRECISE TIME
• in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
• on for DAYS and DATES

at	in	on
PRECISE TIME	MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS	DAYS and DATES
at 3 o'clock	in May	on Sunday
at 10.30am	in summer	on Tuesdays
at noon	in the summer	on 6 March
at dinnertime	in 1990	on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime	in the 1990s	on Christmas Day
at sunrise	in the next century	on Independence Day
at sunset	in the Ice Age	on my birthday
at the moment	in the past/future	on New Year's Eve

Look at these examples:

• I have a meeting at 9am.
• The shop closes at midnight.
• Jane went home at lunchtime.
• In England, it often snows in December.
• Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?
• There should be a lot of progress in the next century.
• Do you work on Mondays?
• Her birthday is on 20 November.
• Where will you be on New Year's Day?

Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions:

Expression	Example
at night	The stars shine at night.
at the weekend	I don't usually work at the weekend.
at Christmas/Easter	I stay with my family at Christmas.
at the same time	We finished the test at the same time.
at present	He's not home at present. Try later.

Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

in	on
in the morning	on Tuesday morning
in the mornings	on Saturday mornings
in the afternoon(s)	on Sunday afternoons
in the evening(s)	on Monday evening

When we say last, next, every, this we do not also use at, in, on.

• I went to London last June. (not in last June)
• He's coming back next Tuesday. (not on next Tuesday)
• I go home every Easter. (not at every Easter)
• We'll call you this evening. (not in this evenin

See also

reposisi menunjukkan hubungan antara dua benda atau lebih. Sebagai contoh: “The lamp is on the table” mengandung preposisi “on“. Kata ini menunjukkan hubungan ruang antara lampu dan meja.

Preposisi tempat yang paling umum adalah: in, on, under, next to, in front of, behind, at.

Perhatikan gambar-gambar berikut untuk mempelajari pemakaian preposisi tempat:

in, on, under, in front of, dan behind jelas terlihat. Contoh-contoh kalimatnya adalah:

- The dog is in the box
- The cat is under the table
- Tjhe man is next to the building

Akan tetapi at merupakan konsep yang lebih abstrak - preposisi ini digunakan untuk menunjuk pada sebuah titik dalam ruang, biasanya sebuah titik pada sebuah garis. Lihat berikut untuk penjelasan yang lebih rinci.

In, On, At

In digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang mengelilingi atau melingkupi kita. Contoh:

- I sleep in my bedroom.
- The desk in the room.

In juga digunakan untuk area-area geografis seperti kota dan negara, misalnya: “I live in London” atau “I live in England”.

On digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang ada di atas sebuah permukaan. Misalnya:

• I sleep on my bed.
• The paper is on the desk.

On juga digunakan untuk nama-nama jalan, misalnya: “I live on Orchard Roard”.

At digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang berada pada sebuah titik tertentu, seringkali sebagai bagian dari sebuah garis. Sebagai contoh:

- He is at the bus stop.

Bus stop (penghentian bus) merupakan sebuah titik dalam sebuah garis yang terdiri dari beberapa penghentian bus.

- John is at the bank.

John berada pada tempat atau titik tertentu, yakni di bank. Bank merupakan bagian dari perjalanannya dan juga bagian dari sebuah jalan, yang mana keduanya bisa dianggap sebagai garis.

At juga digunakan untuk alamat-alamat lengkap, contoh: “I live at 22 Orchard Road, London, England.”

Bagaimana sebenarnya kita dapat memastikan kapan menggunakan in, on atau at? Ini tergantung pada perspektif pembicara, dan apa yang dianggap berterima dalam Bahasa Inggris. Ini merupakan pertanyaan yang ditemui oleh setiap orang yang mempelajari bahasa Inggris dan mereka tidak dapat menjawab sepenuhnya melalui hafalan atau aturan yang ada. Semakin banyak anda mempelajari bahasa Inggris anda akan semakin berpengalaman untuk mampu memutuskan kapan menggunakan in, on, atau at. Cukup selalu mencoba untuk memahami, dan pada akhirnya anda akan bisa.

Contoh penggunaan dalam percakapan:

1) Excuse me, where is the post office?
Go straight, and it’s next to the bank.
Thankyou!

2) What’s your address?
I live at 34, East 39th Street, New York.
And what’s your zip code?
My zipcode is NY 10061-2134
Thankyou.

3) Hi Sylvia, where’s the fruit juice?
It’s in the refrigerator!
No, it’s not. It’s not there.
Oh, sorry, it’s in the cupboard next to the soda.
Thanks. And where is the cereal?
Um, on the shelf, I think.
Great! Let’s have some breakfast!

4) Where do you work?
I work in a bank, I’m a secretary. How about you?
I’m a shop assistant. I work at the local store.
Where’s that?
It’s the yellow building on Green Street, next to the clothes store.

Prepositions
Kategori: Grammar - Dibaca: 2817 kali

---

Preposition (Kata Depan) adalah kata yang tidak dapat berubah bentuknya dan biasanya di letakkan di depan kata benda atau padanan kata benda lainnya (objek) yang bertujuan untuk menunjukkan hubungannya tertentu dengan kata-kata lain dalam kalimat.

Di bawah ini adalah contoh Kata Depan (Preposition)

above, about, across, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, since, to, toward, through, under, until, up, upon, with, within.

Contoh:

• It is a container for butter.
  (Preposition "for" menunjukkan hubungan antara "butter" dan "container".)
• The eagle soared above the clouds.

---

BENTUK PREPOSITION

---

Bentuk-bentuk Kata Depan adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Simple Preposition (Kata Depan Tunggal)

• after, at, by, for, from, of, over, on, in, through, to, off, till, under, up, with, dsb

2. Double Preposition (Kata Depan Ganda)

• into, onto, from under, from among, from off, from within, over against, dsb

3. Compund Preposition (Kata Depan Majemuk)

• across (on cross), along (on long), behind (by hind), about (on by out), above (on by up), before (by fore), beneath (by neath), beside (by side), between (by twain), beyond (by yonder), but (by out except), within (with in), without (with out), dsb

4. Participal Preposition (Kata Depan Partisif)

• pending, during, notwithstanding, past, except, considering, concerning, regarding, dsb

5. Prepositional Phrase (Frase Kata Depan)

• because of, by means of, in behalf of, in front of, in view of, by reason of, with respect to, with regard to, aith relation to, on behalf of, in spite of, dsb.

6. Disguised Preposition (Kata Depan Tersembunyi)

• three o'clock (three of clock)
• Jack o'lantern (Jack of the lantern)
• He has gone a-hunting (on hunting)

---

PREPOSITION DI AKHIR KALIMAT

---

Hindari meletakkan sebuah kata depan di akhir kalimat.Karena kata depan sebaiknya di depan kata benda

Contoh:

• That is a situation I have not thought of. (SALAH)
• She is a person I cannot cope with. (SALAH)
• It is behaviour I will not put up with. (SALAH)

Kalau Anda terbentur pada posisi kata depan yang menurut Anda harus diletakkan di akhir kalimat, maka pindahkan posisinya pada tempat yang tepat dan tidak merubah makna kalimat yang ingin Anda sampaikan.

Contoh:

• That is a situation of which I have not thought.
• She is a person with whom I cannot cope.
• It is behaviour up with which I will not put.

Namun cara yang terbaik adalah dengan mengganti kata agar tidak membingungkan pembaca. Tapi perlu diingat, penggantian kata tersebut tidak merubah makna dan memiliki arti yang sama dengan kata yang ingin kita gantikan. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini untuk menggantikan contoh kalimat di atas.

Contoh:

• That is a situation I have not considered.
• It is behaviour I will not tolerate.

·         A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition.

·         A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples:

·         The book is on the table.

·         The book is beneath the table.

·         The book is leaning against the table.

·         The book is beside the table.

·         She held the book over the table.

·         She read the book during class.

·         In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time.

·         A prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, its object and any associated adjectives or adverbs. A prepositional phrase can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. The most common prepositions are "about," "above," "across," "after," "against," "along," "among," "around," "at," "before," "behind," "below," "beneath," "beside," "between," "beyond," "but," "by," "despite," "down," "during," "except," "for," "from," "in," "inside," "into," "like," "near," "of," "off," "on," "onto," "out," "outside," "over," "past," "since," "through," "throughout," "till," "to," "toward," "under," "underneath," "until," "up," "upon," "with," "within," and "without."

·         Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a preposition:

·         The children climbed the mountain without fear.

·         In this sentence, the preposition "without" introduces the noun "fear." The prepositional phrase "without fear" functions as an adverb describing how the children climbed.

·         There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated.

·         Here, the preposition "throughout" introduces the noun phrase "the land." The prepositional phrase acts as an adverb describing the location of the rejoicing.

·         The spider crawled slowly along the banister.

·         The preposition "along" introduces the noun phrase "the banister" and the prepositional phrase "along the banister" acts as an adverb, describing where the spider crawled.

·         The dog is hiding under the porch because it knows it will be punished for chewing up a new pair of shoes.

·         Here the preposition "under" introduces the prepositional phrase "under the porch," which acts as an adverb modifying the compound verb "is hiding."

·         The screenwriter searched for the manuscript he was certain was somewhere in his office.

·         Similarly in this sentence, the preposition "in" introduces a prepositional phrase "in his office," which acts as an adverb describing the location of the missing papers.

Definition: Prepositions are a class of words that indicate relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words in a sentence. Most often they come before a noun. They never change their form, regardless of the case, gender etc. of the word they are referring to.

Some common prepositions are:

about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath beside between beyond but

by despite down during except for from in inside into like near of off on onto out

outside over past since through throughout till to toward under underneath until up upon with within without.

Prepositions typically come before a noun:

For example:

• after class
• at home
• before Tuesday
• in London
• on fire
• with pleasure

A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence.

For example:

• The book is on the table.
• The book is beside the table.
• She read the book during class.

In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time.

Prepositions are classified as simple or compound.

Simple prepositions
Simple prepositions are single word prepositions. These are all showed above.

For example:

• The book is on the table.

Compound prepositions
Compound prepositions are more than one word. in between and because of are prepositions made up of two words - in front of, on behalf of are prepositions made up of three words.

For example:

• The book is in between War and Peace and The Lord of the Rings.
• The book is in front of the clock.

Examples:

• The children climbed the mountain without fear.
• There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated.
• The spider crawled slowly along the banister.

The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:

Prepositions of Time:

English	Usage	Example
on	days of the week	on Monday
in	months / seasons time of day year after a certain period of time (when?)	in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour
at	for night for weekend a certain point of time (when?)	at night at the weekend at half past nine
since	from a certain point of time (past till now)	since 1980
for	over a certain period of time (past till now)	for 2 years
ago	a certain time in the past	2 years ago
before	earlier than a certain point of time	before 2004
to	telling the time	ten to six (5:50)
past	telling the time	ten past six (6:10)
to / till / until	marking the beginning and end of a period of time	from Monday to/till Friday
till / until	in the sense of how long something is going to last	He is on holiday until Friday.
by	in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time	I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions of Place:

English	Usage	Example
in	room, building, street, town, country book, paper etc. car, taxi picture, world	in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world
at	meaning next to, by an object for table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work
on	attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio	the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio
by, next to, beside	left or right of somebody or something	Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
under	on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	the bag is under the table
below	lower than something else but above ground	the fish are below the surface
over	covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle	put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall
above	higher than something else, but not directly over it	a path above the lake
across	getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side	walk across the bridge swim across the lake
through	something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	drive through the tunnel
to	movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed	go to the cinema go to London / Ireland go to bed
into	enter a room / a building	go into the kitchen / the house
towards	movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	go 5 steps towards the house
onto	movement to the top of something	jump onto the table
from	in the sense of where from	a flower from the garden

Noun Pronouns